Sunday, May 12, 2013

Training Myths and Truths


Common Training Myths

Cardio Makes you fat/Just do more Cardio!
            I put both sides of this argument on here because both of them are debatable. As you have been told by just about everyone, cardiovascular exercise is something just about everyone participating in exercise does in their daily routine, with the exception of some bodybuilders and athletes, which will tell you that cardio makes you fat. Usually, you’ll see a good ratio of guys in the gym that “lift” that never do cardio. Turns out, if you have seen them run recently, they probably looked like an autistic kid trying to charge a flock of geese.

            So you’ve done your daily running for the past 4 weeks and you haven’t lost any weight. What gives? Two words: Calorie deficit (Although, water retention is a possibility). I know I have already explained this, but just because you had that Krispy Kreme donut earlier in the day and tried upping your cardio time doesn’t mean it’s going to burn it all off. People find it a proper excuse to eat like shit or compensate in calories more if they decide to increase their running distance. That is where you’ll hear the phrase “Just do more cardio!” these days (If you run moderately and manage your calorie deficit, good for you). A horrible diet will not be made up by running an extra mile in the gym. Additionally, running too much can lead to overtraining and, in addition, you can develop bad joints if you do that.  I can guarantee you all that eating out will not keep your caloric intake accurate. It’s quite obvious that exercise in conjunction with a deficit is the way to go (Redman et al., 2007). You might be thinking at this point “What’s your take on cardio?” I’ll address that later.

As a woman, lifting weights will make me look bulky and manly
            This is targeted more towards the women that run all the time. I get it: You don’t want to look like the female bodybuilders ‘roided up on-stage. That’s where the misconception comes in: She’s on drugs. Ask yourself: Have you ever seen a natural fit female with a muscular physique? I’m pretty sure she didn’t look manly in any way. I also guarantee she had a rockin’ body (Assuming she isn’t on the supermodel diet i.e. under 600 calories a day). Stop doing the excessive cardio and start balancing yourself between weight training, metabolic work (High intensity circuits), and steady state cardio.

            You also may be thinking that when you stop weight training, all that muscle will turn into fat. This is another one of those “I don’t know what the answer to this question is so I’m gonna pull one out of my ass” answers comes in. You can lose muscle, in the case that you’re still in a calorie deficit and completely cut out exercise at one point (Or you lack sufficient protein intake), but muscle and fat do not turn from one to another. There are cells of half fat and half muscle, but there is never a conversion of muscle to fat. Or fat to muscle. If you’re in an appropriate calorie deficit, you’ll lose fat. If you are maintaining a weight training regiment while in this calorie deficit, your muscle loss will be minimal (And in cases of much fatter people, you most likely will gain muscle while in a deficit, as human fat is a great preserver of muscle believe it or not).

            Aside from being stronger and toned (Which people who only run tend to lack a little) and defined (10 lb dumbbells to tone is the most pointless thing you’re probably doing if you are  “lifting”), it also increases bone density(Friedlander, Genant, Sadowsky, Byl, & Glüer, 1995). If you’re a noob on weights anyway, guy or not, I’ll have a section later which explains how to successfully weight train (Don’t expect the guys to not check you out doing Squats, ladies).

High Reps, Low Weight vs. Low Reps, High Weight
            This is a commonly debated topic, especially for those who are trying to lose fat while attempting to retain muscle. Lucky for all of you, as long as you’re not being a pansy ass in the gym taking half an hour to do three sets of two exercises, I can guarantee it is irrelevant if you do either, as one study will show (Jackson, Hickey, & RAOUL F REISER, 2007), the cyclists in this study had different implementation of resistance exercise, and, unsurprisingly, all of them had a similar increase in strength gains.

            My personal opinion on the subject? I recommend doing both, but that will be explained more in-depth later in the exercise section. For now, when going to the gym for a barbell squat, don’t be afraid to squat with them high reps (Or low reps for that matter. Hell, just keep it diverse).

Exercise is the cornerstone for fat loss
            HAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHA! *awkward stare* HAHAHAHAHAHA! I just had to put some emphasis into that to get you a little riled up (And look like a caps lock douchebag at the same time). People these days believe that exercise is the way to lose fat (Or weight, depending on who we’re talking to). While I do believe there are people that can mainly focus on exercise and not change any eating habits to lose fat, they are likely to fall under one of the following categories: 1. they are an intuitive eater and habitually understand portion control 2. They have a screaming metabolism or 3. They are somewhat obese.

            If you are new to the fat loss world, then sure you could eat less crap and workout more and you’ll most likely see acceptable weight loss in the matter of months, however, this is due to calorie deficit (And decreased energy density in the foods you consume). I’ve already explained this concept. If you don’t want to accept it, go ahead! If you want to attain that sexy body and live a little longer, then yes, you want exercise and the caloric deficit.

Training Truths (In my opinion)

Ensure you do your stretching every day
            Yes, tough guys, I am particularly talking to you, as we all know most of the women tend to be better at their stretching (And yoga. I lack such flexibility). Regardless if you’re running or if you’re weight lifting, you need to stretch (A little before, more so afterwards). However, if you don’t want to, go ahead, but don’t get mad at me when you’re in a wheel chair or on crutches 10 years down the road. If anyone is judging you for stretching (Which I don’t see why they would) and they exercise, just see what happens to them when they get older.

Prevent yourself from overtraining
            This also goes hand-in-hand with the whole eating way too little and exercising too much, but if you’re in an appropriate calorie deficit, then you should have no problem training 3-5 days a week (Depending on duration). What determines if you’re overtraining? If you’re training 2 ½ hours a day, 6 days a week (Assuming most of this training isn’t walking or lifting food to your mouth), then yes, you should really consider toning it down a little bit. If you have a heavy labor job, and you exercise more than an hour a day 4-5 times a week, then you’re probably going to over train yourself. If you run 30 miles a week and lift 4 times a week, I’d recommend toning the running down.

            Now, in the situation that you are preparing for a marathon or something like that and you need to know how to supplement your macros appropriately? I’ll elaborate on that later. For now though, I will say take at least one day off from any type of training a week (You can take a brisk walk or stretch, just no training).

Combine both weight training with cardiovascular exercise for double the success
            You could only do some cardio. Or you could only do some running, but if you really want the best of both worlds, then it’s only logical to combine both into your weekly regment. There is a vast amount of studies that show the benefits of using both in a regiment, such as improvements in fasting blood glucose, enhanced bone density (Especially helpful when you get older and could potentially develop arthritis if you don’t), improved VO2 max, improved cognitive ability, reduction in the risk of cardiovascular disease, and the list goes on (Friedlander et al., 1995; Hillman, Erickson, & Kramer, 2008; Maiorana et al., 2001; Pollock et al., 2000; Sigal et al., 2007).

Switch up your regiment once in a while (And increase your weight a little)
            People usually say that they will reach plateaus, and while I don’t disagree, there are a couple of reasons they don’t realize to why they have done so (Although there are some people that have been dieting extensively that need a maintenance diet for some time to get them back on track. New dieters, however, is a simple fix): 1. They need to lower their calories more 2. They need to increase their training a little bit. OR, as part of a subcategory to #2, the biggest thing is increasing weight or intensity of the exercise AND changing up your workout.

            Be honest with yourself when you go to the gym. I don’t want you blowing one of the discs in your back from putting too much weight on your deadlift (Or maybe your form just sucks), but at the same time I want you to push yourself, so that by the end of your workout you feel tired but aware enough to tell yourself “I really kicked ass today”.

            Switching up your regiment also not only changes emphasis on certain muscle groups, but it will keep it from getting boring. If you’re in the gym though doing dips and you feel that three sets of ten is too easy, you throw on a weighted vest or something similar and assess how well you handle the increased resistance. Alternatively, if you get tired of dips, you change it to something like dumbbell tricep extensions. There’s always an alternative for one exercise or another. If you really want some interesting training variation though, check out the section on periodization I will have on later in Chapter 15.

It’s more about the form, not about the reps
            I went to a Crossfit competition yesterday, and they were competing in two things: Thrusters (They’re like a Front Squat combined with a Push Press) and Pull-ups. What I saw made me want to smack the shit out of the coach of the gym.

            When it comes to any exercise, there is always a proper form to the exercise, if it’s pushups, pull-ups, and the biggest one I always see most people lacking proper form on, squats (Surprisingly even bodyweight squats).

            So what were these guys doing wrong? With their thrusters? Not much. With their pull-ups? You would assume they’re not bringing their chin up to the bar or were coming halfway down. Neither actually. Technically, there was nothing wrong about their form. Do you remember those kids in your school that could do the worm? It’s essentially what it sounds like: A wiggling of the whole body. Instead, they were all wiggling on the pull-up bar, with proper form. They were using their legs to drive themselves upwards while disregarding the strain they’re putting on their rotary cuffs and their shoulders. They can have fun with those injuries in their near future…
           
            Another one I find people lack form in is the pushup (Or Bench press, depending on the person). They essentially look like they’re humping air with a three inch movement between the top and bottom. Then the bench pressers tend to come halfway down and put all stress on the wrong muscle group.

            The biggest one I see, by far though, is people who lack a full squat. You need to hear it time and time again: 90 degrees and parallel to the floor is proper squatting stance. I always see guys (And girls) doing half-assed reps, then getting out from under the bar, thinking they just beat their 1 rep max. Ha… you’re funny.
            Why am I harping so much on form? What’s so important about it? I’ll keep it simple: 1. if you lack proper form, you’re much more prone to injury 2. You are most likely not putting nearly as much stress (Or any at all) on the muscle group intended. 3. You’re not getting anywhere increasing your strength with high reps, bad form. 4. You are trying to show off your reps to your buddies.

            I will only be explaining proper form for a few exercises in this book, but for now, I will refer you to the Appendix A at the end of the book that gives you recommendations on who or what websites will provide you with this information.
           



Copyright 2013 Anthony J Wathen

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